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About ITRC
1 History of Use and Potential Sources
1. History of Use and Potential Sources
1.1 History of 1,4-Dioxane Production
1.2 Uses of 1,4-Dioxane
1.3 Primary and Secondary Sources of Contamination
1.4 Presence in Environmental Media
2 Regulatory Framework
2. Regulatory Framework
2.1 Federal Regulation of 1,4-Dioxane
2.2 State Regulation of 1,4-Dioxane
2.3 International Regulation
3 Environmental Fate, Transport, and Investigative Strategies
3. Environmental Fate, Transport, and Investigative Strategies
3.1 Chemical and Physical Properties
3.2 Considerations for Developing or Refining a CSM for 1,4-Dioxane
4. Sampling and Analysis
4. Sampling and Analysis
4.1 1,4-Dioxane Sampling
4.2 1,4-Dioxane Analysis
4.3 1,4-Dioxane Data Evaluation
5. Toxicity and Risk Assessment
5. Toxicity and Risk Assessment
5.1 Human Exposure Assessment
5.2 Human Toxicity
5.3 Ecological Exposure and Toxicity
5.4 Risk Characterization and Uncertainty
5.5 Risk Communication
6. Remediation and Treatment Technologies
6. Remediation and Treatment Technologies
6.1 Characteristics That Affect Treatment Selection
6.2 Drinking Water and Wastewater Treatment
6.3 Soil/Vadose Zone Treatment
6.4 Ex Situ Groundwater Treatment
6.5 In Situ Groundwater Treatment
Case Studies
Fact Sheets
References
Appendix A: Summary of State Regulations, Policies, and Guidance for 1,4-Dioxane
Appendix B: 1,4-Dioxane Identifiers and the Physical and Chemical Properties of 1,4-Dioxane
Appendix C: Team Contacts
Appendix D: Glossary
Appendix E: Acronyms
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Appendix C: Team Contacts

Team Leaders

Heather Barbare
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
Denver, Colorado
[email protected]

Gladys Liehr
Florida Department of Health
Tallahassee, Florida
[email protected]

Section Leaders

History of Use and Potential Sources

Ali Furmall
Washington Department of Ecology
Spokane, Washington
[email protected]

Nicole Twing
Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality
Cheyenne, Wyoming
[email protected]

Daniel Brown
Daniel J. Brown, L.L.C.
Atlanta, Georgia
[email protected]

William DiGuiseppi
Jacobs
Englewood, Colorado
[email protected]

Regulatory Framework

Brandon Kernen
New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services
Concord, New Hampshire
[email protected]

Fate and Transport

Jennifer Jevnisek
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
St. Paul, Minnesota
[email protected]

Lauren Larkin
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
St. Paul, Minnesota
[email protected]

Diana Marquez
Burns & McDonnell Engineering Company, Inc.
Overland Park, Kansas
[email protected]

Francis Ramacciotti
GHD
North Wales, Pennsylvania
[email protected]

Sampling and Analysis

William Ottaway
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
Albany, New York
[email protected]

Elizabeth Denly
TRC
Lowell, Massachusetts
[email protected]

Toxicity and Risk Assessment

Jesseka Forbes
Florida Department of Health
Tallahassee, Florida
[email protected]

Lanita Walker
City of Tallahassee
Tallahassee, Florida
[email protected]

Janet Anderson
GSI Environmental Inc.
Austin, Texas
[email protected]

Barrie Selcoe
Jacobs
Houston, Texas
[email protected]

Remediation and Treatment Technologies

Daniel Hamel
Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes and Energy
[email protected]

Stephanie Ryno
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
[email protected]

Caitlin Bell
Arcadis
[email protected]

Public Stakeholder Lead

Lenny Siegel
Center for Public Environmental Oversight
[email protected]

1,4-Dioxane Modular Training Leads

Susan Newton
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
[email protected]

David Adamson
GSI Environmental Inc.
[email protected]

Team Members

John Abernathy
South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control
[email protected]

Hunter Anderson
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) – AFCEC
[email protected]

Michael Apfelbaum
Woodard & Curran
[email protected]

Caroline Baier-Anderson
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) – FFRRO
[email protected]

Eric Ballenger
Republic Services, Inc.
[email protected]

Francisco Barajas
AECOM
[email protected]

Brittany Bennett
Kansas Department of Health and Environment
[email protected]

Jeff Biggs
City of Tucson Water Department
[email protected]

Jeremy Bishop
Jacobs
[email protected]

Bjorn Bjorkman
GEI Consultants, Inc.
[email protected]

Bob Bond
Langan
[email protected]

Jill Branby
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) – OLEM
[email protected]

Jennifer Byrd
ERM
[email protected]

Craig Caldwell
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
[email protected]

Grant Carey
Porewater Solutions
[email protected]

David Carlson
Enterprise Environmental Advisors
[email protected]

Sandip Chattopadhyay
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) – OCSPP
[email protected]

Dora Chiang
CDM Smith
[email protected]

Weijue Chen
North Carolina State University
[email protected]

Ralph Costa
Weston Solutions, Inc.
[email protected]

Lansana Coulibaly
Wood PLC
[email protected]

Doug Cowin
Burns & McDonnell Engineering
[email protected]

Gerald Cresap
GES, Inc.
[email protected]

Anthony Danko
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) – NAVFAC EXWC
[email protected]

Sandra Dworatzek
Geosyntec
[email protected]

Linda Fielder
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) – OSRTI
[email protected]

Karen Fields
Parsons Corporation
[email protected]

Norman Forsberg
Arcadis
[email protected]

Cheryl Fountain
Tetra Tech, Inc.
[email protected]

David Freedman
Clemson University
[email protected]

Peter Furdyna
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
[email protected]

Patrick Garrity
Kentucky Department for Environmental Protection
[email protected]

Gregory Garvey
Golder Associates, Ltd.
[email protected]

Frank Getchell
Weston & Sampson
[email protected]

Adam Goldberg
Langan
[email protected]

Heather Guerrero
Alabama Department of Environmental Management
[email protected]

Michael Hagemeister
Terracon
[email protected]

Alexander Haluska
University of Tübingen
[email protected]
[email protected]

Naseem Hasan
AECOM
[email protected]

James Hatton
Jacobs
[email protected]

Paul Hatzinger
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) – SERDP/ESTCP
[email protected]

Ziqi He
HSW Engineering
[email protected]

Monica Heintz
Arcadis
[email protected]

Lucas Hellerich
Woodard & Curran
[email protected]

Chris Hemingway
Golder Associates, Ltd.
[email protected]

Kirsten Hiortdahl
[email protected]

Edward Hollifield
ERM
[email protected]

Patrick Hsieh
Dalton, Olmsted, & Fuglevand
[email protected]

Jane Huber
Eurofins
[email protected]

Michael Hyman
North Carolina State University
[email protected]

Eric Jacobs
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment
[email protected]

Ricardo Jaimes
DC Department of Energy and Environment (DOEE)
[email protected]

Bonnie Janowiak
GES, Inc.
[email protected]

Fritz Krembs
Trihydro Corporation
[email protected]

Bonani Langan
Wood PLC
[email protected]

Michael Lee
Terra Systems, Inc.
[email protected]

Jim Linton
Geosyntec
[email protected]

Anne Lockard
Heritage Environmental Services
[email protected]

Christer Loftenius
Washington Department of Ecology
[email protected]

Tamzen Macbeth
CDM Smith
[email protected]

Erin Mack
Corteva Agriscience
[email protected]

Andrew Madison
Golder Associates, Ltd.
[email protected]

Shaily Mahendra
UCLA
[email protected]

Jason McNew
EA Engineering, Science, Technology, Inc., PBC
[email protected]

Rachel Methvin
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) – Navy
[email protected]

Jeremy Musson
Pinyon Environmental, Inc.
[email protected]

Nadira Najib
Honeywell
[email protected]

Charles Neslund
Eurofins
[email protected]

Cheryl Nichols
HSW Engineering
[email protected]

Kim Nimmer
North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality
[email protected]

Amita Oka
Langan
[email protected]

Doug Opell
Real Estate Recovery Capital
[email protected]

Christine Osborne
Utah Department of Environmental Quality
[email protected]

Fernanda Paes Wilson
Fishbeck
[email protected]

Charlotte Parrish
United States Postal Service
[email protected]

Daniel Peña
Minnesota Department of Health
[email protected]

James Peterson
Princeton Geoscience, Inc.
[email protected]

Ioana Petrisor
Mission Environmental, LLC
[email protected]

Nasim Pica
CDM Smith
[email protected]

Jeffrey Pintenich
Brown and Caldwell
[email protected]

Karnam Ramanand
Brown and Caldwell
[email protected]

Paul Randall
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) – OSRTI
[email protected]

Elizabeth Rhine
Geosyntec Consultants
[email protected]

Joshua Richards
Pace Analytical Energy Services
[email protected]

Ian Ross
Arcadis
[email protected]

Nancy Rothman
New Environmental Horizons, Inc.
[email protected]

Venus Sadeghi
AECOM
[email protected]

Hunter Sartain
Golder
[email protected]

Lizanne Simmons
Kleinfelder
[email protected]

Harvinder Singh
Weston Solutions, Inc.
[email protected]

Lauren Soos
TRS Group, Inc.
[email protected]

Jennifer Stackhouse
Kleinfelder
[email protected]

Bryce Stearns
Eurofins
[email protected]

Leah Stuchal
University of Florida
[email protected]

Todd Tambling
Dow, Inc.
[email protected]

Christopher Teaf
Florida State University
[email protected]

Roy Thun
GHD
[email protected]

Grant Trigger
RACER Properties, LLC
[email protected]

Edward (Ted) Tyler
Cardno
[email protected]

Bradley Varhol
EON Products
[email protected]

Hao Vo
North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality
[email protected]

Claudia Walecka-Hutchison
Dow, Inc.
[email protected]

Christopher Weber
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) – Navy
[email protected]

Rick Wice
Battelle Memorial Institute
[email protected]

Janice Willey
U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) – NAVSEA
[email protected]

Elizabeth Winger
Eurofins
[email protected]

Zhong Xiong
Haley & Aldrich, Inc.
[email protected]

Shuo Yu
Ramboll
[email protected]

Chao Zhou
Geosyntec Consultants
[email protected]


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